纳粹掠夺名画《牡蛎餐》 RMB 1,700万伦敦成交

1945年,《牡蛎餐》遭纳粹夺去,自此不知所终。事隔70余年,这幅古典名画竟然在伦敦市长大人官邸被发现,最终物归原主。画作刚刚在苏富比上拍,以£193万(RMB 1,700万)成交。


夏洛特与画作重聚

故事在荷兰东部的安恒市(Arnhem)揭开序幕。 1936年,当地儿童医院的总监带了一幅画作回家。他的女儿夏洛特(Charlottle)一看,就为这幅荷兰「黄金时代」画家奥克特维尔特(Jacob Ochtervelt,1634-1682)之作而著迷。

画作名曰《牡蛎餐》,里头充满暗示象征。牡蛎被视为强效春药,自古与情欲划上等号;仕女锦衣华服,意味追求者可能为博取她的好感而不惜血本;狗本是忠诚象征,画中的狗却在舔喝女主人杯中溢出的酒,暗示未能保卫女主名节。

此画一直悬在这家人的寓所。至1943年,他们嗅到战火的气味,于是把《牡蛎餐》连同另外13幅画作,全部送到银行保险库储存。果然,盟军翌年发动史上有名的市场花园行动(Operation Market Garden),安恒市成为惨烈战场。


盟军空降部队奇袭安恒市

这次行动是让空降部队奇袭,地面装甲部队配合快速行动,夺取荷兰主要河川上由德军控制的一系列桥梁。盟军夺得这些桥梁的控制权,跨越莱茵河,攻入德国心脏地带。


电影《夺桥遗恨》(A Bridge Too Far)


《夺桥遗恨》剧照,盟军最终无法占领安恒市大桥

盟军开始时势如破竹,可惜最终因未能占领安恒市的大桥,功亏一篑。单是这场「安恒战役」,双方丧命的士兵数目就超过三千。此战后来拍成电影《夺桥遗恨》(A Bridge Too Far),主角包括辛康纳利、米高坚、安东尼鹤健士。


二战结束后,美军从纳粹德军起回部份艺术品


伦敦市长大人官邸


伦敦市长大人官邸内

盟军败阵后,上述的14幅画作全部落入纳粹之手,一消失就是70余年。后来,专门追踪被掠夺文物的机构发现,《牡蛎餐》竟然就在伦敦市长大人官邸当中,还已经悬挂了30年之久,只是之前无人知道它曾为纳粹所夺。


夏洛特与画作重聚


左为时任伦敦市长大人Andrew Parmley,右为夏洛特

*「伦敦市长大人」中文听上去有点古怪,这个翻译其实是为了分辨清楚伦敦的两位市长。一般在新闻看到的伦敦市长是Mayor of London,管理整个大伦敦区(Greater London),是近代才有的职位。至于伦敦市长大人是Lord Mayor of London,历史久远,管理伦敦历史城区和金融区。

去年11月,《牡蛎餐》终于回到夏洛特手上。尽管她已白发苍苍,但仍清楚记得这幅少女时就为之著迷的古典画作。 《牡蛎餐》昨晚于苏富比上拍,£160万落槌,连佣£193万成交,买家经电话委托「西洋古典油画部」拍卖业务主管Andrew Fletcher(上图)出价。

 

《牡蛎餐》与晚拍成交三甲


奥克特维尔特(Jacob Ochtervelt,1634-1682)《牡蛎餐》(The Oyster Meal)

拍品编号:48
尺寸:53.5 x 44.5cm
来源:

  • Le Comte de Morny, Paris;
  • Anonymous sale (‘d'une très-belle collection’), Paris, Drouot, 27–28 April 1874, lot 73, for 6,000 Francs;
  • Henry Louis Bischoffsheim, Bute House, South Audley Street, London, probably by 1903;
  • His deceased sale, London, Christie’s, 7 May 1926, lot 75, for £1,417. 10s to Wallis;
  • Alphons Preyer, Paris and The Hague;
  • His sale, Amsterdam, Frederik Muller, 8 November 1927, lot 23, for 310,000 Florins to Galerie van Diemen;
  • J. Teixeira de Mattos, Amsterdam;
  • With Firma D. Katz, Dieren, 1935–36, by whom probably sold to
  • Dr Joan Hendrik Smidt van Gelder, Arnhem;
  • From whose safe in the Amsterdam Bank, Arnhem, looted by Helmut Temmler, Head of the Gaukommando Düsseldorf, in 1945 and taken to Düsseldorf;
  • With Galerie Peiffer, Düsseldorf, 1950s;
  • With Galerie Kurt Meissner, Zurich, 1965;
  • From whom acquired by Ambassador J. William Middendorf II, Washington, by 1967 until 1969 or later, by whom sold to Edward Speelman;
  • With Edward Speelman Ltd., London, by whom sold to Harold Samuel, London, 1971;
  • Bequeathed to the City of London Corporation, 1987;
  • By whom restituted to the heirs of Dr J.H. Smidt van Gelder on 6 November 2017.

估价:£1,500,000 - 2,500,000
成交价:£1,930,000


鲁本斯(Peter Paul Rubens,1577-1640)《威尼斯贵族肖像》(Portrait of a Venetian Nobleman)

拍品编号:17
尺寸:59 x 48cm
来源:

  • Probably identifiable in Rubens’ possession at the time of his death in 1640 as 'Vn visage apres Tinctoret', no. 70, or as 'Vn pourtrait d’vn gentilhome de Venise', after Titian, no. 41;
  • Rousselle, Brussels, 1897;
  • With F. Kleinberger, Paris and New York, 1911;
  • Leopold Koppel, Berlin (d. 1933), by 1914;
  • His only son Albert Leopold Koppel (Dresden 1889–1965 New York), Toronto, by 1948, when shipped by him from Toronto to Rosenberg & Stiebel in New York, where it arrived on 20 February for storage;
  • With Rosenberg & Stiebel, New York, 1951, when appraised in January, and sold by them to Durand Matthiesen, Geneva, the proceeds remitted to Albert Koppel in November;
  • With Matthiesen, London, 1954;
  • Dr Hans Wetzlar, Amsterdam, probably acquired 1954–55, and certainly by 1959;
  • Thence by descent.

估价:£3,000,000 - 4,000,000
成交价:£5,416,400


泰纳(J.M.W. Turner,1775-1851)《沃尔顿桥》(Walton Bridges)

拍品编号:21
尺寸:92.7 x 123.8cm
来源:

  • Sold by the artist to Sir John Leicester, 1st Baron de Tabley (1762–1827), for £280 in January 1807;
  • Thomas Wright (1773–1845), Upton Hall, Nottinghamshire;
  • His sale, London, Christie’s, 7 June 1845, lot 58, for 670 guineas to Pennell;
  • Joseph Gillott (1799–1872), Westbourne Road, Edgbaston, by 1847;
  • His sale, London, Christie’s, 27 April 1872, lot 307, for £5,250 to Agnew on behalf of H.W.F. Bolckow;
  • Henry William Ferdinand Bolckow (1806–1878), M.P.;
  • Sold by his executors, London, Christie’s, 2 May 1891, lot 105, to Agnew on behalf of Lord Wantage;
  • Brigadier General Robert Loyd-Lindsay, 1st Baron Wantage, VC, KCB, VD (1832–1901), Lockinge, Oxfordshire;
  • Thence by descent to the present owner.

估价:£3,000,000 - 5,000,000
成交价:£3,370,000


格里恩(Hans Baldung Grien,1484-1545)《圣家与五名天使》(The Holy Family With Five Angels)

拍品编号:10
尺寸:72 x 60cm
来源:

  • English private collection by 1969;
  • With Agnew’s, London;
  • Anonymous sale, London, Sotheby’s, 25 November 1970, lot 38 (as School of the Upper Rhine, circa 1500) for £21,500;
  • With Edward Speelman, London;
  • From whom acquired by the father of the present owner;
  • Thence by descent.

估价:£2,500,000 - 3,500,000
成交价:£3,010,000

 

拍卖总结

拍卖行:伦敦苏富比
场次:古典油画晚拍
拍卖日期:2018/7/4
拍品数目:69
成交:51
未成交:18
成交率:74%
成交总额:£42,634,150